Mushrooms Part Mushrooms (Part Four: 31-40 )

Here are the next ten:

31. Sulfur Tuft (Hypholoma fasciculare)
32. Scaly Pholiota (Pholiota squarrosa)
33. Violet Cortinarius (Cortinarius violaceus)
34. Pine Spikes (Chroogomphus species)
35. Slippery Jacks (Suillus species)
36. Admirable Bolete (Boletus mirabilis)
37. Butter Bolete (Boletus appendiculatus, B. regius)
38. Satan’s Bolete (Boletus satanas)
39. Apple Bolete (Boletus frostii)
40. White King Bolete (Boletus barrowsii)

Here is the list again with photos and accompanying paragraph of additional information:

32. Scaly Pholiota (Pholiota squarrosa): Poisonous. (it was once considered edible by some, but is now considered poisonous… meaning that while some can eat it and have no problems, most people will develop vomiting and diarrhea if they consume this mushroom, especially if consumed in combination with alcohol). This is a pretty unique mushroom. The cap may resemble other mushrooms, but the scaly stalk is fairly unique. Cap size: 1.2-3.9 inches (3-10 cm), but can get to 5.9 inches (15 cm). Common in North America and Europe. Found growing in both coniferous and deciduous forests, often at the base of trees.

33. Violet Cortinarius (Cortinarius violaceus): Edible (not very good). This mushroom is a beautiful deep purple (almost black at times) and is often “wooly” in appearance due to minute “hairs” or scales. Cap size: 1.4-4.7 inches (3.5-12 cm), but can get to 5.9 inches (15 cm). Found in North and Central America, Europe, Australia, New Zealand, and Japan, but it is not very common (except in the Pacific Northwest). In North America, it favors coniferous trees, and in Europe it favors deciduous trees.

34. Pine Spikes or Wine-Cap Chroogomphus (Chroogomphus species): Edible. These species are very similar in appearance and are all edible. The dark, red pigment may harmlessly turn urine red (just like beet juice), so be warned before you eat them. The decurrent gills (gills that start to run down the stalk) are almost always present. Cap size: 0.8-5.9 inches (2-15 cm). Common in the Northern Hemisphere. Found growing under pine trees and other conifers, often with Slippery Jacks .

35. Slippery Jacks (Suillus species): Edible. The Suillus species are commonly known as “slippery jacks” since most caps are slimy. They are in the order Boletales which means they have a sponge-like layer of tubes on the underside of the cap instead of gills. There are over 70 species found in North America. All are considered edible, but none are highly prized considering their slimy nature. Cap size: 1.2-7.1 inches (3-18 cm). Found in temperate climates of the Northern Hemisphere, they have also been introduced to the Southern Hemisphere. Most commonly found with pine trees and occasionally with other conifers.

36. Admirable Bolete (Boletus mirabilis): Edible (very good). This bolete is pretty unmistakable with its maroon-brown cap and yellow pores, but it is not that widely distributed. It is important not to eat specimens with a white mold growing on it. Cap size: 2.0-5.9 inches (5-15 cm), but can reach 7.9 inches (20 cm). Found in coniferous forests in the Pacific Northwest and in Asia.

37. Butter Bolete (Boletus appendiculatus, B. regius): Edible. These two species are both edible and usually have blue-staining flesh. Cap: 2.4-7.9 inches (6-20 cm), but can reach 11.8 inches (30 cm). Found in the Pacific Northwest (occasionlly in Europe) by itself or in large numbers on the ground under hardwoods and occasionally with conifers.

38. Satan’s Bolete (Boletus satanas): Poisonous. This bulbous, oak loving mushroom is hard to mistake. The cap is usually pale gray to olive and the stalk is redish-pink and fading to off-white with age. The flesh will turn blue when bruised. Will cause violent vomiting if eaten, although some eat it with no problem. As David Arora says, “…when so many more delectable and less dangerous mushrooms abound, why tempt fate?” Cap: 2.8-11.8 inches (7-30 cm). Commonly found in warmer temperate climates of the Northern Hemisphere in hardwood forests, especially with oak (North America) and beech (Europe).

39. Apple Bolete, Frost’s Bolete (Boletus frostii): Edible (caution advised due to resemblance to poisonous species!) This mushroom is beautiful with its characteristic dark-red to apple-red cap, red netted stalk, and flesh that turns blue when bruised. Pores often exude golden-colored droplets. Cap size: inches 2.0-5.9 inches (5-15 cm). Found alone, scattered, or in groups under hardwoods and pines, prefering oaks. Common throughout the eastern United States and into Mexico and Central America.

40. White King Bolete (Boletus barrowsii): Edible (choice). The cap, pores, and stalk of this large bolete are all dull white to gray that becomes yellow to olive-yellow with age. Reportedly a very fine-tasting mushroom. Cap: 2.4-9.8 inches (6-25 cm). Found in southwestern North America under conifers (pines) and hardwood (oaks).